what culture was the first to use negative integers

Negative Numbers

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Level: Primary vi / Course half dozen / PSLE

Here is a uncomplicated way that I use to explain Negative Numbers.

Before I innovate negative numbers to my students, I remind them of the number line. Numbers are usually written this way on a number line.

Things to note:

• The line starts at 0
• The numbers increase equally you move to the correct of the line

Now I show them the number line with negative numbers added to information technology.

Things to annotation:

• The number line has to outset and no catastrophe, indicated by the arrow on both ends of the line
• The negative numbers also increases digitally as you movement to the left of the line, but the negative sign ways the value of the number actually decreases

To assistance my students understand better, I tell them to remember of negative numbers this style:

• The negative sign tells yous how far abroad the number is from the zero.
• So -3 means you are iii steps away from 0 and -five means you are 5 steps away from zip.
• Therefore, -v is smaller than -3 because you lot are further away from zero.

Adding and Subtracting with Negative Numbers

When it comes to using negative numbers in improver and subtraction, using a number line is crucial for understanding how it all works.

The first affair to understand is the divergence in the pregnant between the subtraction symbol (-) and the negative number symbol (-).  They both await the same but have dissimilar meanings.

The subtraction symbol tells us which management we want to become along the number line.  The negative symbol applies only to the number it is paired with.

The other thing to notation is that the addition symbol (+) tells us to move to the correct of the number line while the subtraction symbol (-) tells the states to motility to the left of the number line.

Permit'southward look at some examples. Here is the number line again.

Let'due south find the answer to: one subtract iii.

We write it as: 1 - 3.  The subtraction tells us to motility to the left on the number line.

Starting at number ane, move 3 steps to the left on the number line. Y'all volition cease upwards at negative two.

Then,  one - 3 = -2

Here is another way to await at it.

If I have one cookie (1) and I want to give you 3 cookies (-3), that ways I owe you two cookies (-2).  The negative sign means I owe y'all.

1 - iii = -2

Let's try another example.

Find the answer to -1 plus 3.

Nosotros write it as: -1 + 3.  The plus or addition sign tells usa to move to the right on the number line.

Starting at -1, move 3 steps to the correct on the number line.  Yous will end upward at 2.

And so,  -1 + 3 = ii

Here is the alternative caption.

I owe y'all 1 cookie (-ane).  Someone else gives me iii cookies (+iii).  I take to give you what I owe so I end up with only 2 cookies.

-i + 3 = 2

Try a few more yourself.  Call up: To add - move to the right.  To subtract - motility to the left.  Or call back in terms of giving or receiving cookies.

1.  -2 + v
2.   3 - five
3.   0 - iii
4.   -1 - 2

Exceptions to the Dominion

When a negative number comes after the addition or subtraction sign, it means yous have to reverse the normal direction.

That is, if a negative number comes after the addition sign, information technology ways you move to the left instead of the correct on the number line.

Vice versa, if a negative number comes after the subtraction sign, it means you motion to the right instead of to the left on the number line.

Permit'south look at the example below.

2 + (-2)

You outset at the number 2.  Then y'all move ii steps to the left instead of the correct and cease upward at 0.

This means that 2 + (-2) is the same equally two - 2 which gives the answer 0.

2 + (-2) = 0

Here is another example. Allow's detect the respond to (-3) - (-1).

Start at -3. Then movement 1 step to the right instead of the left. Y'all will end up at -2.

So, -3 - (-1) is the aforementioned as -3 + ane  which gives the answer -2

-three - (-i) = -ii

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Source: https://www.basic-math-explained.com/negative-numbers.html

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